过去分词作表语和作定语的使用方法不同
1、注意分清过去分词应前置还是后置
在一般情况下，单个的过去分词作定语，一般应放在被修饰名词之前。如：
This part of the exam requires a written answer. 这部份考试试题需要书面作答。
Women are limited to the more poorly paid jobs. 女人仅限于做一些薪水较低的工作。
但，若是过去分词短语用作定语，应置于所修饰的名词之后。如：
There is a red car parked outside the house. 房屋外边停着一辆红色汽车。
The system used in this school is very successful. 这学校用的系统非常成功。
注意，有时单个的过去分词用作定语也可放在其所修饰的词汇之后，出现这样的情况多半是有特殊缘由的，譬如受过去分词修饰的名词或代词可能不合适同意前置定语的修饰，或者说话者为了强调动作的暂时性，为了句子结构的平衡，等等。如：
The experience gained will be of great value to us. 获得的经验对大家将非常有价值。
We couldn’t agree on any of the problems discussed. 大家未能就所讨论的任何问题达成共识。
2、注意分清用过去分词还是目前分词
有的成对用的过去分词和目前分词（如interested与interesting），从使用方法上看，它们虽然是分词的形式，但具备形容词的特征，都可用作表语和定语，注意它们在使用方法上有什么区别：过去分词一般用于说明人自己的感受，一般译为“（人）感到……的”；而目前分词则一般用于说明事物给人的感受，一般译为“让人感到……的”。如：
Interested members will meet at two. 有兴趣的会员两点钟碰头。
The English language has an interesting history. 英语有一段有趣的历史。
注意，不要觉得此类过去分词转化来的形容词只用于修饰人，此类目前分词转化来的形容词只用于修饰事物，其实未必。比较：
The man was really annoyed. 这个人真的生气了。
The man was really annoying. 这个人真的叫人非常烦。
The man was very much frightened. 这个人很害怕。
The man was very much frightening. 这个人很可怕。
3、注意分清是系表结构还是被动语态
过去分词用作表语时，其动作意味非常弱，在功能上更接近形容词，它不只可用于系动词be之后，也可依据需要用于其他系动词之后。如：
She looked astonished at the news. 听到这消息她看上去非常吃惊。
It took them a long time to grow used to getting up in the middle of the night. 他们花了很久才慢慢地习惯于午夜起床。
被动语态中的过去分词动作意味较强，它只能与助动词be（有时可能是get）构成被动结构，不适合用于其他动词之后。如：
The food was cooked last night. 饭是昨天晚上做的。
After the operation she was taken to the recovery room. 手术后，她被推进了恢复室。
所以假如语义需要，其后可以接表示动作实行者的by短语。如：
When their mother was ill the children were looked after by neighbours. 孩子们的妈妈生病时，他们由邻居们照顾。
比较：
I was worried about you all night. 我整夜为你担忧。（系表结构）
I was worried by the mice all night. 我被老鼠搅扰了一整夜。（被动语态）
用所给动词的适合形式填空：
1. Her face went pale when she saw the money was ________ .
2. Please remain ________until all the lights are on.
3. You are entitled to 24 days’ ________holiday per year.
4. The ________children are opening their Christmas presents.
5. She told me that she was not ________with my examination results.
6. Members shall enter the names of their guests in the book ________ .
7. He was ________when he thought I was on vacation. Actually I wasn’t.
8. We want to get ________and start a family and all. But that takes money.
9. Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her ________story.
10. If you happen to get ________in the wild, you’d better stay where you are and wait for help.
参考答案：
1. gone 2. seated 3. paid 4. excited 5. satisfied 6. provided 7. mistaken 8. married 9. moving 10. lost
